Flatting: Living in the ‘70s

There is a house way down in New Orleans

They call the Rising Sun

And it’s been the ruin of many a poor boy

And God I know I’m one.

House of the Rising Sun – The Animals 1964

February to November 1970

Towards the end of the year with Mrs Kruger, Margo asked Joanne what she thought about renting a flat.  They looked at a high rise block near the beach and imagined having a quick surf before lectures.  Another girl called Shauna was also interested.  She wore John Lennon glasses, was into Folk Music and protested against the Vietnam War.

At first Joanne’s mother opposed it.  She could see that without the watchful eye of Mrs Kruger the girls could easily be led astray but she relented as she realised she could do little to stop them.  All she could do was help them find a place to live.

The Real Estate Agent was doubtful. ‘There’s not much available.  Anywhere near the beach is out of the question.  However there is an old house in Atchison Street which might suit.  It’s only a short walk to the bus stop and not far from the shops in the CBD.  Also the rent is $66 a fortnight which is quite reasonable for a house in the city.’

The girls’ first flat

Margo and Shauna looked at the house with dismay.  It was what was known as a ‘Federation’ house, built in the early 1900s, timber clad, with a covered verandah around two sides.  Images of neat little apartments with sea views were cast aside and Shauna remembered her manners and thanked Joanne’s mother for the effort she had made.

At first Joanne and Margo shared the large front room with the bow window. Shauna had the other bedroom because growing up in a large family, she had never had a room to herself. Also at the front of the house was a small lounge room with an open fire-place and stained glass windows. Margo later used this as a bedroom. The kitchen at the rear was large and homely. A fuel stove promised warmth on cold nights and was kept running with wood off cuts ‘liberated’ from a nearby timber yard. The most interesting feature of the kitchen was a walk-in pantry lit by one small window. With their meagre allowances the girls were never able to fill the pantry shelves but it did add a certain grandeur to their new home. Out through the back door a covered area led to the bathroom and laundry. Over the free-standing bath, the shower only produced boiling hot or cold water, necessitating the use of the bath instead. In the same room a washing machine had lost its ability to spin. A manual wringer was attached to the cement sink. The girls thought it was fun to insert the washed clothes in between two rollers and turn the handle to squeeze out all the water.

Joanne missed the meals served each evening by Mrs Kruger. The girls decided to take turns preparing the evening meal but towards the end of each fortnight their money and enthusiasm had dwindled and they resorted to fish and chips or even just chips. Joanne brought cooked chickens and fruit cake down the mountain each Sunday night to supplement their food supplies but when Will started calling around, he would often find Joanne hadn’t eaten and would take her to the Adriatic Coffee Lounge and watch her eat schnitzel.

At the end of the year the girls completed their two years of teacher training and returned to their homes, ending their lease. All that was left was to wait for notification of their teaching post, somewhere in New South Wales.  

Eighteen Years Old and Looking for Fun: Living in the ‘70s

In the summertime, when the weather is hot

You can stretch right up and touch the sky

When the weather’s right

You got women, you got women on your mind

Mungo Jerry – In the Summertime 1970

Joanne was idly reading The Daily Mirror at home one weekend when something caught her attention.  In a wanted column she saw that an American stationed on the Marshall Islands was looking for a penfriend.  She had penfriends all over the world but they were all girls.  Maybe this one would be fun to write to and she might even get an answer.

The reply arrived a week later.  The American said his friends had placed the ad as a prank but he would be happy to write to her.  The letters led to an exchange of photos and cassette tapes, even Christmas presents.  He was from Alamogordo in New Mexico but instead of going home for his vacation he was coming to Australia.  

It was then Joanne found she wasn’t the only penfriend.  She had offered him accommodation on their twelve-acre farm when she found he was staying with another girl as well.  ‘I’ll meet you at the airport,’ she wrote excitedly.  ‘You can visit your other friend and then come and stay with us.’

Joanne had never had a sleepless night in her life but this was an exception.  She was up at dawn to catch the diesel train to Sydney.  Alighting from her taxi at the airport she saw a huge run in her stocking. Nothing could be done about it now so she pushed on regardless looking for a likeness to the photo in her hand.

He seemed nice and asked if she would like to travel with him to Kings Cross where he had booked a room.  He dumped his bags and they made their way to Circular Quay where they caught a ferry to Manly.  The Opera House drew their attention, with its tall cranes and unfinished sails.

The Sydney Opera House in 1970

‘It’s supposed to represent the sails of the yachts in the harbour but it’s quite different to the original design by Jorn Utzon, the architect,’ said Joanne. ‘It’s certainly not like any other buildings in Sydney, I’ll give you that.’

They ate a meal together in Kings Cross and bid farewell.  Joanne caught the train to her grandmother’s house in Cronulla, excitedly looking forward to meeting again in a couple of weeks.

He arrived by train at the small station of Yerrinbool.  Annie had fixed up a room for him in one of the outbuildings.  She didn’t want this stranger in the house near her daughter.  Joanne had planned every day of the week; a bushwalk, horseriding in Mittagong, a train trip to Canberra, a visit to the Lion Park at Warragamba and a drive down to Wollongong and the south coast.

During this time the American became a little restless, especially with the constant supervision of Joanne’s mother.  He bought a bottle of bourbon and suggested to Joanne that they visit the young stationmaster who lived in the residence up the road.  When he knocked on the door the stationmaster and his wife were already in their pyjamas but that didn’t deter the American.  They sat and talked for a couple of hours.  

The following day Annie said it would be all over the township and Joanne’s reputation would be in tatters.

‘First you go to a Kings Cross hotel with a strange man, and then you go uninvited to the stationmaster and keep him up all night drinking!’

When would Joanne learn to keep her mouth shut?

Darkness My Old Friend: Living in the ‘70s

Hello darkness my old friend

I’ve come to talk with you again

Sounds of SilenceSimon and Garfunkel 1964

May 1969

When it was all over Joanne realised she had never seen him in daylight.  It began at the second sockhop.  The Teachers College gymnasium was something to be proud of, Dr Whitebrook told them.  The floor was made from a special timber and it was supposed to be the best gymnasium floor in the southern hemisphere.  Which meant you were to never, ever wear shoes on it.  Hence the sockhops.

The College Gymnasium, home of the Sockhop

When she arrived with Margo it looked like a single sex event.  Not one male could be seen anywhere.  ‘Wait until the pubs close at ten,’ whispered a knowing second year.  ‘Then they’ll arrive but they’ll all be drunk.’

Like clockwork, around 10 past 10, the men arrived.  Actually they were boys, mostly under 20 and nearly all working for Australian Iron and Steel (AI&S) or BHP.

Ben asked her to dance and then just stayed with her the whole evening. They went outside while he had a smoke. She hadn’t tried smoking herself but decided it gave him a ‘bad boy’ image which she liked. They discussed favourite TV shows and she found that they had a mutual admiration for Star Trek. In fact he was a great science fiction fan. He had grown up in a very religious household and was keen to move away from organised religion. She was keen to discuss whether he thought he was an agnostic or an atheist. He also played the trumpet, just as she did. They had so much in common!

They exchanged addresses and went their different ways.

Joanne wondered if she would hear from him again and was delighted after the Easter break when Mrs Kruger handed her a letter.  She tore it open in the privacy of her room and discovered that he wanted to see her again, that he had had the best night since he arrived in Wollongong and how did she feel about him?

Careful not to give too much away, she replied that she would like to see him again and what did he suggest they might do? She knew he didn’t have a car but hoped they could go to the pictures.  After posting it she calculated the earliest reply would be on Thursday so now all she had to do was wait.

On Thursday his letter arrived.  He suggested that she ring him at the staffhouse where he boarded, at 5.00 o’clock today or tomorrow. She walked down to the college with Margo and used one of the pay telephones. He answered her call and during the next twenty minutes they agreed to see ‘The Shoes of the Fisherman’ the following Thursday.  She would catch a taxi to his hostel and then they would walk together to the Regent.

Mrs Kruger thought Joanne should meet him at the picture theatre.  ‘You don’t want to appear too eager,’ she said.  Joanne was too busy thinking what she would wear.  She found a blouse she loved in Katies for $7 but that would have taken all her cash.  She settled on a lemon shirt for $2.99 but wondered how she was going to pay for a recorder, recorder book, hire of the trumpet, a taxi fare and maybe her ticket to the pictures.  She would have to withdraw money from her bank account to cover the $11.50 she calculated she needed.

Somehow the pictures had changed to a double feature,  ‘From Russia with Love’ and ‘Thunderball’.  Afterwards they caught a taxi home and chatted to Mrs Kruger before Ben left to walk home.

The TCCF (Teachers College Christian Fellowship) was a Christian organisation which Margo and Joanne decided might be a source of that rare species, the male college student. Someone was picking them up just as Ben arrived unexpectedly so he went too. He complained he had been ‘earbashed’ as a child as he grew up in the Salvation Army. He suggested they go to see ‘Showboat’ on Thursday night. That was more to Joanne’s liking as well.

The local theatre group, the Arcadians, performed to a high standard. However it seemed the night was ending too fast. After catching a taxi to Mount Ousley they sat on the step and talked until 3.00 am. Mrs Kruger complained next day about the ‘natter, natter, natter’ and her mother said that if Joanne continued to behave like that she would ‘get a bad name’.

The weeks passed.  They tried ice skating at the Glacarium at Wollongong Showground, Joanne clinging to the edges of the rink, too scared to let go.

Wollongong Glacarium, March 29, 1968 Illawarra Mercury

They watched ‘The Sand Pebbles’ and ‘The Good, the Bad and the Ugly’, sometimes walking the two miles home so they could extend the evening. He suggested seeing ‘Hair, the Musical’ in Sydney and she wondered aloud about seeing nude people on the stage. Then one Tuesday he didn’t come around. In fact she never saw him again. Her new friends rallied round and told her she was too good for him. Apart from hurt pride she realised she didn’t really mind.

‘Plenty more fish in the sea!’ said her friends.

College Days: Living in the ‘70s

The road is long

With many a winding turn

That leads us to who knows where

But I’m strong

The Hollies-He Ain’t Heavy 1969

Day one of college dawned, the girls filled with excitement and trepidation.  Margo and Joanne crossed Mount Ousley Road, walked past some new houses in ‘College View Estate’, through a grassy area intersected by a creek, past a tennis court with a sign saying ‘Whites only must be worn on the tennis court’ and arrived at an interesting sloping structure known as the music auditorium.

Wollongong Teachers College Music Auditorium (Wollongong University Archives)

After a welcome assembly the students poured out into the sunshine and fresh air, eating their cut lunches in the area known as ‘the cloisters’. While the college liked to use traditional English names, and some of the lecturers walked around wearing black gowns, the buildings were very modern. The grey cement block construction was brutalist in design and very different to the sandstone buildings Joanne had envisaged at Sydney Uni. To make matters worse, there was not enough room for all the students so a bus was to run to the Technical College for some of the lectures.

Next to the music auditorium was a double storey lecture block with a flat roof.  A library with an unusual pointed roof sat next to the administration block, where they were to line up for their pay once a fortnight.  They would receive a cheque which they could cash at the National Bank situated half a mile away at the University or in town at David Jones or Anthony Horderns.  The remaining building was a gymnasium, also built in the pointed roof style and the pride of the college.

Wollongong Teachers College official opening 1965 (Wollongong University Archives)

Across grassy fields was the tiny Wollongong branch of the University of NSW.  It consisted of two lecture blocks and specialised in the sciences needed to train employees of the steelworks.

The first week flew by with a barrage of tests; psychology, music, spelling and social statistics.  A barbecue and sock hop on the precious gymnasium floor revealed the distinct shortage of boys but Joanne enjoyed dancing to the music with the other girls. The postal service efficiently delivered Joanne’s swimming costume after a panicked phone call to Annie so that on Friday she and Margo made their way by bus to the Continental Baths to swim laps of the 50 metre pool.

Packing their bags that afternoon, the two girls made their way to Wollongong Station, Margo travelling north to Sydney and Joanne filling in time until the rail motor bound for Moss Vale left at 5.40 pm.  Joanne had been told by her section advisor that she had to have a chest X-ray to test for Tuberculosis.  A mobile clinic was parked in Crown Street but they sent her away, requesting paperwork from the college.

For one hour and forty five minutes Joanne looked out the window as the little rail motor climbed the mountain.  At first she could see Lake Illawarra and the ocean below her.  The train stopped at tiny sidings called Dombarton, Mount Murray and St Anthonys.  At some stops the guard did a ‘staff exchange’ with a railway employee and only then could the rail motor move forward.  Robertson was the first major stop, followed by the end of the line, Moss Vale.  Joanne talked to Annie all the way home and all evening until her throat was sore.

The college had supplied Joanne with a piece of material reminiscent of a tablecloth, with yellow, red and blue stripes screen printed on a white background. It took Joanne all of Saturday to turn it into a gym skirt, to be worn over black leotards. On Sunday everyone at Church wanted to know about college, so that Joanne again found she couldn’t stop talking. On Sunday afternoon they visited an elderly friend in a nursing home who also wanted to hear all the news. A missed train ended Joanne’s weekend and meant Annie had to drive her back down Macquarie Pass on Monday morning.

The gym skirt (Wollongong University archives)

Boarding Away: Living in the ‘70s

And Honey, I miss you

And I’m bein’ good

And I’d love to be with you

If only I could

Honey- Bobby Goldsborough 1968


January 1969

The Boeing 707 had just arrived from Wellington, New Zealand.  As the passengers climbed carefully down the mobile stairs, a small, elderly man waited on the tarmac, a white envelope clutched in his hand.

Joanne’s mother saw him as soon as she stepped onto the ground. 

‘Thank you for meeting us, Mac. Everything all right at home?’

‘No, no it’s not good.  She didn’t get Sydney.  She’s going to Wagga.’

Secretly Joanne was delighted.  Mac had organised for her to live with his sister in a gloomy inner-city terrace while she attended Sydney Teachers College, but it wasn’t going to happen. 

‘Wagga!’ exclaimed Joanne’s mother. ‘I’ll never see you.  It would be at least five hours by train so you could hardly come home for the weekend.’

Annie wasn’t having that.  Bravely she marched into Blackfriars in Sydney the next day.

‘I am a widow with only one child.  I run a small business on my own in a country town.  If my daughter goes to Wagga I will only see her in the holidays.  I’ve already arranged accommodation in Sydney for her which is only two hours from home.  Would it be possible to change the offer to a Sydney college?’

No, no, that couldn’t be done, but there was another solution.  Wollongong Teachers College still had vacancies so would that be a possibility?

The rail motor from Wollongong to Moss Vale took an hour and a half.  Annie was delighted.  Joanne was happy that she was going somewhere away from home.  Only Mac grumbled that his sister was very upset about losing her star boarder.

The steep highway that wound down the escarpment showed tantalizing glimpses of ocean.  To her right Joanne could see Wollongong Teachers College and the University College of the University of NSW.  

Her mother turned left into the suburb of Mount Ousley and pulled up beside a small green fibro house with a butterfly roof. This was to be her home for the next eleven months, from Monday to Friday. They met the landlady, Mrs Kruger, and her cat Ludwig (Luddy for short). A girl about her own age but a good six inches shorter, smiled and introduced herself as Margo. She would also be attending the college. Joanne would have someone to share the experience of being away from home.

Alone at last!  Her mother had driven away to stoic farewells.  Margo wanted to ring her boyfriend in Sydney to let him know about her day so they followed Mrs Kruger’s directions to find the nearest public phone box.

Suddenly Margo clutched Joanne’s arm tightly.

‘What’s the matter?’

‘It’s a dog.  I‘m terrified of dogs.  Let’s go another way.’

An hour later, carefully avoiding all dogs, they found a phone box.  As Margo chatted to her boyfriend, Joanne wondered what tomorrow would be like. At high school she had been reserved and quiet with few friends.  Mostly that didn’t worry her because she was happy in her own company, but now she had an opportunity to meet new people and with the chatty Margo by her side she felt optimistic about the future.

Mrs Kruger cooked dinner for the girls each night.  Also she made a cooked breakfast.  This, she said, was unusual and not normally called for but Annie had insisted.  Each girl had her own room and a shared bathroom. Of the $42 a fortnight they received for their scholarship, $22 would go on board.  That would leave the remaining $20 to cover lunches, the train trip home and any other incidentals.  Once the money was spent they could appeal to their mothers for a helping hand.

Having Margo right beside her was such a godsend.  They discussed what they would wear to college and decided on stockings and low heels, skirts and blouses. They would maintain a strict standard of neat, tidy attire as students.  Little did they know how much their world would change in the next two years.

Age of Aquarius: Living in the ‘70s

When the moon is in the Seventh House

And Jupiter aligns with Mars

Then peace will guide the planets

And love will steer the stars

The Fifth Dimension 1969


April Fool’s Day 1970

A sunny Autumn morning.  Three girls dashing about an old weatherboard house looking for last minute items.  Contact lenses, shoes, stockings without ladders. Clambering aboard buses, two heading north and the other south.  Staring out the window at chimneys, billowing smoke and islands in a blue sea.

Wollongong buses 1976 Illawarra Mercury

It was the first day of Practice Teaching.  Last Friday the Teachers’ College students had eagerly scanned the lists posted on the admin block notice board.  Joanne contemplated her posting for the next three weeks.  Sandwiched between a lake and a steelworks the school would be filled with children of parents from over twenty countries. She leapt off the bus when the driver pointed the way.

There were other college students there as well.  They waited nervously in the staffroom until the principal brought some teachers over to meet them.  She glanced at the man who would be her mentor.  He was cheerful, chatty and seemed kind.  This will be all right, she thought.  I can do this.

She was assigned to a sixth class. The children were attentive and well behaved.  At first all she had to do was observe.  She sat and watched as the teacher talked to his class and tried to model herself on him when he left the room.  Of course the children knew she was a student and some behaved badly. Still, the teacher assured her she was doing quite well.  She loved the afternoons when they worked together, choosing the lessons she would teach the following day.  One afternoon he offered her a lift home as he didn’t live far from her house.  She found he was twenty five and had just returned from London, having taught there for three years.

‘I want to go to London,’ she said.  ‘In three years I will have worked out my bond.  I’ll resign and go by ship via the Suez Canal.  I’ve been planning it for the past seven years.’

‘You won’t regret it,’ he said.  ‘The voyage on the Fairsea was heaps of fun.  I taught at a school in London, and every school break we were off exploring Britain and Europe. I’m thinking of heading off to Canada in the next year or so.’

Most afternoons the teacher would drop her off at her share house before going on to his home cooked meal.  He lived in a flat under his parents’ home until he could get enough money together to find his own place.  Joanne confided to her flatmates that she was totally infatuated with the teacher but of course he didn’t think of her as anything more than a student.

‘What sort of car has he got?’ asked Shauna.

‘I don’t know.  It’s…. beige.’

The last day of Prac she was running very, very late.  The Steelworks boys next door had partied all night so she’d had little sleep.  In the morning her contact lens went missing which had her crawling around the floor searching in vain.  Finally she looked in the mirror and found it in the corner of her eye.  Her usual bus had gone so she stormed in next door and knocked loudly on the front door.

‘You kept me awake so the least you can do is drive me to school.’  The bleary-eyed boy did as he was told.  Even so she was half an hour late.  The children gave a cheer.

‘We thought you weren’t coming,’ said one. ‘We were sad we wouldn’t see you again.’

The supervisor watched her teach and wrote a favourable report. Only one more Prac and then final exams before she would be qualified to teach Primary School at the age of 19.

The teacher offered to drive her home, as she had hoped.   She discovered his car was a Mazda 1500 .  She only knew about Holdens because her mother had a Holden utility. They were travelling along Five Islands Road when the teacher spoke.

‘How about a drink at the Leagues Club? Just to celebrate the end of Prac.’

Later that evening he said. ‘We’d better eat.  The Charcoal Tavern does a good steak.’

The Charcoal Tavern

The food was good.  Joanne ordered Gypsy Steak and washed it down with a glass of red wine.

The teacher’s name was Will. He promised to see her again soon.

Of course she wouldn’t get too serious.  She was going to London to teach and see the world. She didn’t intend to settle down until she was at least 26.  However, it wouldn’t hurt to see him again. Would it?